#1
Primary record
Shelby County v. Holder, 570 U.S. 529 (2013).
Invalidated the Section 4(b) coverage formula; Section 5 remained in the statute but without an operational preclearance mechanism.
Certificate 011
Chapter Eleven: Erasing the Map — Voting Rights, Black Districts, and the Difference Between Representation and Packing
These are the sources the Kool-Aid Laboratory used to examine this chapter. Every one is public. Check them yourself.
Want the plain-English verdict and the full laboratory report for this chapter? Those are in Who's Drinking the Kool-Aid? — The Official Research Companion. Get the Companion →
#2
Primary record
Veasey v. Abbott, 830 F.3d 216 (5th Cir. 2016) (en banc).
Texas announced it would enforce its photo-ID law (SB 14) within hours of Shelby County; the courts later found the law had a racially discriminatory effect.
Public record — no single canonical web link; verify by citation above.
#3
Scholarly / institutional
Leadership Conference Education Fund — Democracy Diverted: Polling Place Closures and the Right to Vote (September 2019).
Documented 1,688 polling-place closures between 2012 and 2018 across 757 formerly covered counties.
#4
Primary record
North Carolina State Conference of the NAACP v. McCrory, 831 F.3d 204 (4th Cir. 2016).
The Fourth Circuit found lawmakers requested racial voting data and then restricted methods disproportionately used by Black voters, striking down key provisions.
Public record — no single canonical web link; verify by citation above.
#5
Primary record
Office of Representative James E. Clyburn — official U.S. House biography
(South Carolina's 6th District; elected 1992; former House Majority Whip).
#6
Primary record
Alexander v. South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP, 602 U.S. 1 (2024).
In a 6–3 judgment (Alito, J.; Kagan, J., dissenting, joined by Sotomayor and Jackson, JJ.), the Court reversed the district court's finding that race predominated in drawing the 1st District.
#7
Reporting
ProPublica — "How Rep. James Clyburn Protected His District at a Cost to Black Democrats" (2023).
Reported that a Clyburn aide communicated with Republican mapmakers over District 6; Clyburn's office disputed enabling the broader gerrymander.
#8
Reporting
Enacted 2022 South Carolina congressional map — District 6 voting-age demographics
(Black voting-age population fell below 50 percent under the enacted plan), as reported by The Post and Courier.