18 U.S.C. § 611
(voting by aliens in federal elections) and named 2025–2026 noncitizen-voting cases.
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(voting by aliens in federal elections) and named 2025–2026 noncitizen-voting cases.
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, House-passed text; House roll call, Feb 11, 2026, 218–213 (lone Democratic yes: Rep. Henry Cuellar).
— March 2026 motion to proceed (51–48); the sixty-vote cloture threshold; the two reconciliation efforts (48–50; Apr 23 Kennedy, Jun 4 Graham) with Collins, Murkowski, McConnell, and Tillis joining the Democratic caucus; the parliamentarian's Byrd-Rule ruling; the later federal-incentive proposal.
— documentary proof at registration; qualifying documents; name-change affidavit; alternative-evidence/attestation route; mail/online proof; disability accommodations; existing-roll DHS SAVE verification (30-day program stand-up, notice, review before removal); DHS naturalization alerts; photo-ID at the ballot with provisional cure and religious/military/disability exceptions; "knowing and willful" criminal standard.
— survey estimating ~9% of voting-age citizens (~21 million) lack ready access to citizenship documents.
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— ~12% of registered voters lack ready access to the common document combinations; broadly similar overall possession but Democrats likelier to hold a passport and Republicans to rely on a birth certificate; conclusion that Republicans "may ultimately be more disadvantaged."
for West Virginia, Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, and Oklahoma (fewer than one-third of citizens), with Census rural-population data and recent federal-election results for the "largely rural, recently Republican-leaning" description.
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